CFOP PLL
This page provides an interactive case guide after JavaScript loads; the list below covers every case.
Case recognition
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PLL Solved
PLL is already solved.
PLL is already solved. The cube is complete.
Align
Final U rotation to complete the solve
Every piece is permuted; one last U-face adjustment (AUF) aligns the top layer and finishes the cube.
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Aa-perm — 3-corner clockwise cycle
Cycle three corners clockwise around the solved corner.
Build Aa-perm
Construct the Aa-perm state
One solved corner anchors a clockwise 3-corner cycle; all edges are solved.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
Aa-perm
From the single solved corner, trigger the Aa-perm.
Three corners cycle clockwise while one corner stays solved; all four edges are already placed.
A single solved corner on top; the other three rotate into each other's spots. Edges form complete bars.
AUF so the solved corner is at the front-left.
Tilt with x', then D2 sweeps cycle three corners clockwise on the bottom layer; R' U' R repositions between D moves. Corners-only — edges never move.
The x' tilt parks the cycling corners on the D face so D2 sweeps can 3-cycle them cleanly, then the cube is restored. Because only D and R/U repositioning is used, no edges are touched.
The x' rotation is the setup; keep the grip relaxed so D2 flicks are clean. Ab is the inverse direction.
Tilt & position
Reposition
D2 cycle
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Ab-perm — 3-corner counterclockwise cycle
Cycle three corners counterclockwise around the solved corner.
Build Ab-perm
Construct the Ab-perm state
One solved corner anchors a counterclockwise 3-corner cycle; all edges are solved.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
Ab-perm
From the single solved corner, trigger the Ab-perm.
Three corners cycle counterclockwise while one corner stays solved; all four edges are already placed.
A single solved corner on top; the other three rotate the opposite way from Aa. Edges form complete bars.
AUF so the solved corner is at the front-left.
Also starts with x'. It leads with R U' R (not R2 D2 like Aa) so the feel differs, then D2 sweeps finish the counterclockwise corner cycle.
The x' tilt parks the cycling corners on D; the mirrored sweep order cycles them counterclockwise — Aa and Ab are mutual inverses.
Distinguish from Aa by the opening: Aa leads with R2 D2, Ab leads with R U' R.
Tilt & position
Reposition
D2 cycle
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E-perm — Two adjacent corner-pair swaps
Swap both adjacent corner pairs (right pair + left pair); edges stay solved.
Build E-perm
Construct the E-perm state
No solved corners — two adjacent corner pairs are swapped; all edges are solved.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
E-perm
From the side-pair headlights with no solved corner, trigger the E-perm.
All four corners are misplaced as two adjacent pairs: the right pair (UFR↔URB) and the left pair (UBL↔ULF) trade places. All four edges are solved.
Headlights on two opposite sides (left and right), but no solved corner. The side pair headlights — not diagonal singles — distinguish E from the A-perms.
AUF so the headlights face left and right.
Tilt with x', then the first conjugated block (R U' R' D …) swaps one adjacent pair, the mirrored block swaps the other, then untilt. Perfectly symmetric — learn one half and mirror it.
Each conjugated block performs an adjacent corner-pair swap; together they swap both side pairs while the D moves keep edges untouched. Self-inverse.
Keep the grip loose for the x' tilt so the D moves flow. E is the only corner-only perm with no solved corner.
Tilt
Swap first pair
Swap second pair
Untilt
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Ua-perm — 3-edge clockwise cycle
Cycle three edges clockwise around the top layer; corners stay solved.
Build Ua-perm
Construct the Ua-perm state
All four corners solved; three edges cycle.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
Ua-perm
From the four corner bars with one solved edge, trigger the Ua-perm.
Three edges cycle while one edge stays solved; all four corners are placed.
A single solved edge on top, the other three shifted one position. All four corners form complete bars.
AUF so the solved edge is at the back.
Pure M-slice: M2 U M U2 M' U M2. No face turns — just M slides and U turns.
Each M2 swaps an opposite edge pair; combined with the U turns this 3-cycles the edges while leaving the U-face corners untouched.
Drive M2 with the ring/middle fingers; keep U turns crisp. Ub is the inverse.
M2 setup
U2 half-turn
M-slice finish
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Ub-perm — 3-edge counterclockwise cycle
Cycle three edges counterclockwise around the top layer; corners stay solved.
Build Ub-perm
Construct the Ub-perm state
All four corners solved; three edges cycle the reverse of Ua.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
Ub-perm
From the four corner bars with one solved edge, trigger the Ub-perm.
Three edges cycle counterclockwise while one edge stays solved; all four corners are placed.
Same single-solved-edge pattern as Ua, but the three edges shift the other way.
AUF so the solved edge is at the back.
Mirror of Ua: every U becomes U'. M2 U' M U2 M' U' M2 — same M-slice mechanics, reversed turns.
Reversing each U turn inverts the 3-cycle — Ub is Ua's inverse, so Ua then Ub returns to solved.
If you know Ua, mirror the U directions. Same M-slice rhythm.
M2 setup
U2 half-turn
M-slice finish
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H-perm — Opposite edge-pair swaps
Swap two pairs of opposite edges; corners stay solved.
Build H-perm
Construct the H-perm state
All four corners solved; two opposite edge pairs are swapped.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
H-perm
From the four corner bars with no solved edges, trigger the H-perm.
Two pairs of opposite edges are swapped (front↔back and left↔right); all four corners are placed.
Every edge sits opposite its home — the pattern is fully rotational, so any AUF looks the same.
Any AUF works — the pattern is rotationally symmetric.
Pure M2s: M2 U M2 U2 M2 U M2. Four M2 slides bracketed by a U and a U2.
Each M2 swaps one opposite edge pair; the U/U2 sequencing applies a second swap so both pairs resolve. Self-inverse (an involution).
Steady M2 rhythm — ring-finger flicks both directions. No AUF needed.
Swap pair 1
U2 pivot
Swap pair 2
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Z-perm — Adjacent edge-pair swaps
Swap two pairs of adjacent edges; corners stay solved.
Build Z-perm
Construct the Z-perm state
All four corners solved; two adjacent edge pairs are swapped.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
Z-perm
From the four corner bars with no solved edges, trigger the Z-perm.
Two pairs of adjacent edges are swapped; all four corners are placed.
Two neighboring edges trade places and the other two neighboring edges trade places — a zigzag.
AUF so one swapped pair is at the front.
M-slice: M' U M2 U M2 U M' U2 M2 U'. Like H but with M' starts and a longer rhythm.
M' primes shift the edge set one way while M2 slides swap pairs; the sequence resolves two adjacent swaps. Self-inverse.
Watch the M' vs M2 alternation — it's the difference from H.
M' prefix
Core swaps
M2 suffix
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T-perm — Adjacent corner + opposite edge swap
Swap two adjacent corners (right pair) and two opposite edges.
Build T-perm
Construct the T-perm state
One pair of headlights marks an adjacent corner swap plus opposite edges.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
T-perm
From the single pair of headlights, trigger the T-perm.
Two adjacent corners (the right pair) and two opposite edges are swapped. One pair of headlights is visible.
Headlights on the left side; the right side looks scrambled. The single set of headlights separates T from the no-headlight diagonal perms.
AUF so the headlights face left.
Open with the sexy trigger (R U R' U'), then R' F opens the front, the R2 core swaps the corners, and F' closes. 14 moves, strong rhythm.
The F … F' door opens and closes the front face so one sequence can swap both an adjacent corner pair and an opposite edge pair while lower layers stay intact. Self-inverse.
Drill the R' F R2 U' R' U' core — the F-to-R handoff is the crux. R2 is a wrist 180° flick.
Sexy trigger
F-door open
F-door close
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Jb-perm — Adjacent corner + adjacent edge swap
Swap two adjacent corners (right pair) and two adjacent edges.
Build Jb-perm
Construct the Jb-perm state
A solid bar marks an adjacent corner swap plus adjacent edges.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
Jb-perm
From the solid bar, trigger the Jb-perm.
Two adjacent corners (right pair) and two adjacent edges are swapped. A solved bar sits on one side.
A solid bar on the left; the right-side corners are in each other's spots. The full bar distinguishes Jb from T (which has headlights, not a bar).
AUF so the bar faces left.
Signature R U R' F' opening brings F' early (unlike T). Then a T-perm-like core closes the swap.
The early F' repositions the front edge so a short R/U/F sequence swaps an adjacent corner pair plus an adjacent edge pair. Ja is the mirror.
The R U R' F' entry is the Jb fingerprint — drill it in isolation.
Trigger setup
F-door core
Cleanup
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Ja-perm — Adjacent corner + adjacent edge swap (front pair)
Swap two adjacent corners (front pair) and two adjacent edges.
Build Ja-perm
Construct the Ja-perm state
A solid bar marks an adjacent corner swap on the front pair plus adjacent edges.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
Ja-perm
From the solid bar, trigger the Ja-perm.
Two adjacent corners (the front pair UFR↔ULF) and two adjacent edges are swapped. A solved bar sits on one side.
A solid bar on the right; the front two corners are in each other's spots. The bar mirrors Jb's bar to the opposite side.
AUF so the bar faces right.
A z tilt changes the viewing angle, then D-layer moves drive the swap on the front corner pair.
The z rotation reorients the cube so D moves can act on the front corner pair directly; the R2 repositioning completes both the corner and adjacent edge swaps.
The z rotation plus D moves feel unusual — practice the z grip first. Ja swaps the front pair, mirroring Jb's right pair.
z tilt
D-core swap
Cleanup
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F-perm — Adjacent corner + opposite edge swap
Swap two adjacent corners (right pair) and two opposite edges.
Build F-perm
Construct the F-perm state
Headlights on two adjacent sides mark an adjacent corner swap plus opposite edges.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
F-perm
From the headlights on two adjacent sides, trigger the F-perm.
Two adjacent corners (right pair) and two opposite edges (front-back) are swapped. Headlights appear on two adjacent sides.
Headlights on two adjacent (not opposite) sides, with the front and back edges displaced. The adjacent corner swap puts F in the adjacent group.
AUF so the swapped corners sit at front-right and back-right.
Long R' U' F' prefix opens the front, then a T-perm-like core, then cleanup. Feels like a T-perm wrapped in extra moves.
The R' U' F' … F framing conjugates a corner+edge swap so both the adjacent corner pair and the opposite edge pair resolve in one sequence.
Split at the F' midpoint; the second half mirrors a T-perm ending.
F' prefix open
Core swap
Cleanup
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Ra-perm — Adjacent corner + adjacent edge swap
Swap two adjacent corners (right pair) and two adjacent edges.
Build Ra-perm
Construct the Ra-perm state
Headlights mark an adjacent corner swap plus adjacent edges.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
Ra-perm
From the single pair of headlights, trigger the Ra-perm.
Two adjacent corners (right pair) and two adjacent edges are swapped. Headlights appear on one side.
Headlights on one side like T, but only one other side carries a matching bar — the tell for the R family.
AUF so the headlights face left.
Setup triggers, then a D R' U' R D' conjugation is the key interruption, then cleanup. The lone D move is memorable.
The D … D' conjugation parks a corner on the bottom so a short R/U sequence can swap an adjacent corner pair plus an adjacent edge pair.
The D move breaks the R/U rhythm — pre-plan it so you don't stall. Rb is the sibling.
Setup triggers
D-conjugate
Cleanup
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Rb-perm — Adjacent corner + adjacent edge swap
Swap two adjacent corners (back pair) and two adjacent edges.
Build Rb-perm
Construct the Rb-perm state
Headlights mark an adjacent corner swap (back pair) plus adjacent edges.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
Rb-perm
From the single pair of headlights, trigger the Rb-perm.
Two adjacent corners (back pair) and two adjacent edges are swapped. Headlights appear on one side.
Headlights on one side like Ra and T; distinguished from Ra by the R' U2 R U2 bouncing opening.
AUF so the headlights face left.
Distinctive R' U2 R U2 bouncing opening, then an F … F' door, then R2 cleanup. The ending resembles T-perm.
The U2 bouncing sets up the back corner pair so the F-door conjugation can swap an adjacent corner pair plus an adjacent edge pair.
Feel the R' U2 R U2 bounce as one unit. The second half is T-perm-like.
U2 setup
F-door core
Cleanup
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Y-perm — Diagonal corner + adjacent edge swap
Swap two diagonal corners and two adjacent edges.
Build Y-perm
Construct the Y-perm state
No headlights — a diagonal corner swap plus adjacent edges.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
Y-perm
With no headlights, trigger the Y-perm.
Two diagonal corners and two adjacent edges are swapped. No headlights are visible.
No headlights anywhere; diagonal corners are wrong and two neighboring edges are displaced. If T has headlights, Y has none.
AUF so the swapped edges are at back and right.
Opens F R U' R' U' (a T-perm-like start in a different order), runs a sexy, then R' F R F' sledgehammer closes both swaps.
The F … F' frame conjugates a diagonal corner swap with an adjacent edge swap; the sledgehammer at the end locks both in.
Don't drop the final F'. Y is the most common diagonal perm — drill it cold.
F-door open
Sexy trigger
Sledgehammer close
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V-perm — Diagonal corner + adjacent edge swap
Swap two diagonal corners and two adjacent edges.
Build V-perm
Construct the V-perm state
A single solved edge anchors a diagonal corner swap plus adjacent edges.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
V-perm
From the single solved edge with no headlights, trigger the V-perm.
Two diagonal corners and two adjacent edges are swapped; one edge is solved and is your landmark.
One solved edge on top with diagonal corners wrong — like a U-perm's solved edge but with corners also displaced.
AUF so the solved edge is at the back.
Setup trigger, then a wide f' … f door bookends a corner-repositioning core, then a final R.
The wide f' / f conjugation opens and closes the F-face pair so a diagonal corner swap and an adjacent edge swap resolve together.
The f' wide move is the signature — keep the grip loose for the two-finger wide turn.
Setup trigger
f-wide door
Finish
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Na-perm — Diagonal corner + opposite edge swap
Swap two diagonal corners and two opposite edges.
Build Na-perm
Construct the Na-perm state
No headlights, no bars — a diagonal corner swap plus opposite edges.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
Na-perm
From the fully-scrambled top with no headlights or bars, trigger the Na-perm.
Two diagonal corners and two opposite edges are swapped. No headlights, no bars, no solved blocks on top.
The top layer looks fully scrambled despite all stickers facing up — the N-perm signature.
AUF so the swapped corners are at front-left and back-right.
The longest PLL. Setup triggers, an F-door, then a long R2 cleanup. Split it at the F' — first half three triggers, second half T-perm-like.
The F conjugation plus the long cleanup perform a diagonal corner swap and an opposite edge swap in one pass.
Break it into halves at the F'. Don't try to learn all 20 moves at once.
Setup triggers
F-door core
Cleanup
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Nb-perm — Diagonal corner + opposite edge swap (mirror)
Swap two diagonal corners and two opposite edges (mirror direction).
Build Nb-perm
Construct the Nb-perm state
No headlights, no bars — the mirror of Na: diagonal corners plus opposite edges.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
Nb-perm
From the fully-scrambled top with no headlights or bars, trigger the Nb-perm.
Two diagonal corners and two opposite edges are swapped — the mirror of Na. Same fully-scrambled top.
Identical to Na at a glance; the difference is which diagonal the blocks travel.
AUF so the swapped corners are at front-right and back-left.
Shorter than Na. Setup, then an interlocking F'/F core conjugates the swaps, then cleanup.
The interlocking F'/F conjugations mirror Na's diagonal+opposite swaps in the other direction.
Count the F moves — they recur and are the distinguishing feature from Na.
Setup
Core conjugate
Cleanup
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Ga-perm — Corner + edge 3-cycle
Cycle three corners and three edges around one solved corner-edge block.
Build Ga-perm
Construct the Ga-perm state
One solved corner-edge block anchors a 3-corner and 3-edge cycle.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
Ga-perm
From the solved corner-edge block, trigger the Ga-perm.
Three corners and three edges cycle around a single solved corner-edge block.
A matched corner-edge block on the FRONT face (front-right corner + front edge). With the block at front, the two LEFT corners match (headlights on the left) — that's Ga, not its mirror Gb.
AUF so the solved block is on the front face (front-right corner + front edge).
R2 opening cycles the corners, then a D … D' conjugated section resolves the edge 3-cycle, then a final U.
The R/U sequence 3-cycles the corners while the D conjugation simultaneously 3-cycles the edges around the fixed block.
Ga: block on the front; the LEFT pair matches (headlights). Gb shares that block — it's Ga's inverse, with the matched pair on the back instead.
Setup cycle
D-conjugate
Finish
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Gb-perm — Corner + edge 3-cycle
Cycle three corners and three edges around one solved corner-edge block.
Build Gb-perm
Construct the Gb-perm state
A solved corner-edge block anchors a 3-cycle, sitting on the FRONT face — the same spot as Ga, but the cycle runs the opposite way.
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
Gb-perm
From the solved corner-edge block, trigger the Gb-perm.
Exactly one solved corner (front-right) and one solved edge (front) form a block; the BACK pair matches (headlights on the back), unlike Ga's left pair.
A matched corner-edge block on the FRONT face — same position as Ga. The two BACK corners match (headlights on the back); that's Gb, Ga's inverse.
AUF so the solved block is on the front face (front-right corner + front edge).
An F' U' F trigger opens, then a wide u … u' conjugation wraps the R' U R U' R sexy-move to 3-cycle three corners and three edges around the block. Uses wide u moves (a cousin of Gc/Gd).
A 3-corner + 3-edge cycle around the solved block, executed via a wide-u conjugation rather than Ga's D-face conjugation.
Gb: block on the front (same spot as Ga), but the matched pair is on the BACK — Ga's inverse. The F' U' F + wide-u conjugation cycles corners and edges (a cousin of Gc, not Ga's D … D').
F-trigger + u setup
Sexy-move core
u' R2 finish
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Gc-perm — Corner + edge 3-cycle
Cycle three corners and three edges around one solved corner-edge block.
Build Gc-perm
Construct the Gc-perm state
A solved corner-edge block anchors a 3-cycle; the block sits on the BACK face (back-right corner + back edge).
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
Gc-perm
From the solved corner-edge block, trigger the Gc-perm.
Exactly one solved corner (back-right) and one solved edge (back) form a block; the other three corners and three edges cycle around it.
A matched corner-edge block on the BACK face — the only G with the block at the back.
AUF so the solved block is on the back face (back-right corner + back edge).
R2 u' wide opening, a core R/U cycle, then a wide f … f' cleanup. Distinguishes u (wide U) from f (wide F).
Wide moves conjugate the same 3-corner+3-edge cycle around the back-right block.
Gc: block on the back (back-right corner + back edge) — the only G whose block is at the back. Wide u' vs f is the tricky part of execution.
u' wide setup
Core cycle
f wide cleanup
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Gd-perm — Corner + edge 3-cycle
Cycle three corners and three edges around one solved corner-edge block.
Build Gd-perm
Construct the Gd-perm state
A solved corner-edge block anchors a 3-cycle; the block sits on the RIGHT face (front-right corner + right edge).
Align
Align the cube to the solver's AUF convention
A U-face adjustment (AUF): before the formula it rotates the top layer to the permutation's recognition angle, after the formula it completes the final alignment.
Gd-perm
From the solved corner-edge block, trigger the Gd-perm.
Exactly one solved corner (front-right) and one solved edge (right) form a block; the other three corners and three edges cycle around it.
A matched corner-edge block on the RIGHT face (front-right corner + right edge) — the only G with the block on the right.
AUF so the solved block is on the right face (front-right corner + right edge).
An R U R' trigger opens, then an F2 … F2 + D' … D double conjugation wraps an L U' L' U L' sequence to 3-cycle corners and edges. No cube rotation — uses L-face and F2/D conjugation instead.
The F2 and D conjugations reposition the cycling pieces so the inner L-sequence resolves the 3-corner + 3-edge cycle around the block.
Gd: block on the right (front-right corner + right edge) — the only G whose block is on the right. No cube rotation; the F2/D double-conjugation around an L-sequence is its signature.
R U R' + open
L-sequence core
D F2 close